Seyyed Ali Mirhosseini; Seyyed Adnan Eshkavari; ali Aswadi; Houman Nazemian; Abdollah Hoseini
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to introduce Mohammad Afifi Matar as a poet and an author of several books who has a certain individual way of thinking and inciting poems which are all about using symbols and various rhetoric materials. He is one the poets who no longer use symbols in a literary matter ...
Read More
The main purpose of this study is to introduce Mohammad Afifi Matar as a poet and an author of several books who has a certain individual way of thinking and inciting poems which are all about using symbols and various rhetoric materials. He is one the poets who no longer use symbols in a literary matter but not only does he appear as a behaviorist but he also tends to introduce himself as a political critic that can find and reveal deep concerning issues and offer proper solutions to solve them. Based on his poems, it seems that Afifi Matar is always trying to purposefully create different layers of meanings by presenting philosophical thoughts with words that are capable of having different meanings. Daniel Chandler, a contemporary literary theorist, is among the many who have set their minds on finding new aspects and reaching fresh understandings based on existing words and sentences or verses a poem in which you can eventually have knowledge that cannot be achieved through the first look. Chandler believes that any symbol can be either a used one in a new form that has no refreshing meaning to offer or it’s a fresh meaning hidden inside an old symbol waiting to be found. As an example, when Afifi Matar uses the symbol of “blood” in his poems, he tries to represent that not as a simple key to sacrifice but as a worthy price that only a few can and want to pay to gain access to freedom or retrieve what once was theirs.
Houman Nazemian
Abstract
Russian formalists made great changes in the literary critics in the 20th Century putting forth subjects like defamiliarization and foregrounding. Their purpose was to establish an independent science for studying literary works. However, they went to extremes so that they laid external factors aside ...
Read More
Russian formalists made great changes in the literary critics in the 20th Century putting forth subjects like defamiliarization and foregrounding. Their purpose was to establish an independent science for studying literary works. However, they went to extremes so that they laid external factors aside and tried to find literariness solely in the text. Although the holy Quran is not a literary text, every verse and chapter has literary beauties, so that we can study it through different methods. The purpose of this article is to study the Sura al-Waghi'a from the formalist viewpoints of defamiliarization and Foregrounding. This research shows that many of senses and natural phenomena which are ordinary for people, became strange and fore grounded by defamiliarization and over regularization via phonetic, verbal and syntactic parallelism.
