Literary Criticism
rasool khammar; seyyed mahdi nouri; Abbas Ganjali; hossein shamsabadi
Abstract
In contemporary literature, poets, writers and artists have shown special attention to symbols in their literary works, including poems, stories, plays, etc. One of the manifestations of symbolism is the calling of various historical, religious, mythological, etc. figures in contemporary Arabic poetry. ...
Read More
In contemporary literature, poets, writers and artists have shown special attention to symbols in their literary works, including poems, stories, plays, etc. One of the manifestations of symbolism is the calling of various historical, religious, mythological, etc. figures in contemporary Arabic poetry. A contemporary poet, like a historian, does not look at history only through the lens of historical data and their logical connection, but adds dimensions to historical characters from his own experiences and according to the current conditions of his society, and thus spiritual concepts and dynamic implications. It conveys what it wants to the mind of the reader. One of the characters that has a meaningful presence in the poetry of some contemporary poets is Meysam Tammar, the companion of the Prophet and the faithful friend of Imam Ali (AS). In the present article, the symbolic appeal of this character in the poetry of two contemporary Arab poets, namely " Jasim al-Sahayyeh " from Saudi Arabia and "Hasan AleHatit al-Amili" from Lebanon, has been analyzed in a descriptive-analytical way. Since no research has been done on the invocation of Maysham Temar's character in contemporary Arabic poetry, it is important and necessary to investigate this issue. The results of the discussion show that Maisham's character traits such as righteousness, truth-telling, frankness of speech, persistence against oppressors and their scandalization have made contemporary poets, including the two mentioned poets, make his character the center of their poems. These two poets identified themselves with Maitham and called him in their poetry and tried to explain the problems and political and cultural disturbances of the society and their experiences, concerns and reform ideas beyond Maitham's personality.
Stylistics
Ali Najafi Ivaki
Abstract
The struggle for belief, striving for freedom, and achieving social justice are among the fundamental themes of contemporary Arab poets' poetry. One way in which poets have depicted their desires and dreams is by using figures involved in the fight as examples in their poetic texts. Among these figures, ...
Read More
The struggle for belief, striving for freedom, and achieving social justice are among the fundamental themes of contemporary Arab poets' poetry. One way in which poets have depicted their desires and dreams is by using figures involved in the fight as examples in their poetic texts. Among these figures, Jamila Bouhaird, an important and influential figure from Algeria, is considered a suitable model by poets due to her experience fighting against French colonialism and enduring torture and long suffering in prisons. Her presence has been appropriated by many poets in their political discourses, including Nazul Al-Malaika, Abdul Moti Hijazi, Badr Shaker Al-Siyab, Nizar Qabbani, and Abdul Wahab Al-Bayati.Given the prominent presence of this figure in the poetic discourse of these poets and the semantic load it carries, the current research aims to qualitatively explore the strategies used to depict this character, as well as the degree of his presence and how he intervenes in the poem. The goal is to reveal how these poets use this character in their poetic texts and analyze its implications in order to gain a more accurate understanding of contemporary poetry.The results of the research indicate that Jamila Bohaird has played a role as a role model and active activist in the political discourses related to anti-colonialism and the restoration of lost identity within the poetry of these studied poets. In the conceptualization process, her presence in the poems was central, with her name specified in those texts to reduce emotional distance with her.
Ali sayadani; Parviz Ahmadzadeh houch; Amir Farhangdust
Abstract
Among the many ways of attitude to existence and its interpretation, Expressionism must be considered a unique approach. This method, which is non-imitative in nature, does not describe events as they seem. The writers and artists of this school present the superficial forms of events in their minds ...
Read More
Among the many ways of attitude to existence and its interpretation, Expressionism must be considered a unique approach. This method, which is non-imitative in nature, does not describe events as they seem. The writers and artists of this school present the superficial forms of events in their minds and offer them like dream interpreter ؛An exciting stream that opposes and pushes against predefined structures. This approach, with its vast capacities, has provided a very good opportunity to show the world inside and outside of human beings. In the meantime, one of the figures who have left poems in line with the principles of this school in the field of poetry is Aisha Arnaout (born 1946), a Syrian-Albanian writer and poet. His poems in two sections of form and content have provided outstanding manifestations of abstract literature. Hence, this article tries to study in a descriptive-analytical way, the linguistic and content constructions of the poems of this contemporary Arabic poet based on the components of expressionism. Among the results of this research, we should mention features such as:"suspension and waiting", "heterogeneous rhythm and beat" and "interrupted metaphors" in the field of language, as well as themes such as "grotesque","lost identity" and "mental-emotional ejection" which had a high frequency in Arnaout's poems.Among the results of this research, we should mention features such as:"suspension and waiting", "heterogeneous rhythm and beat" and "interrupted metaphors" in the field of language, as well as themes such as "grotesque","lost identity" and "mental-emotional ejection" which had a high frequency in Arnaout's poems.
Payman Salehi; Mehran Masoomi
Abstract
Abbas Mahmoud Akhad is one of the leaders of the school of Romanticism in Egypt, relying on the principles of Romanticism and the use of natural phenomena, has depicted events and events that had many negative effects on her personal and social life. This research with a descriptive-analytical approach, ...
Read More
Abbas Mahmoud Akhad is one of the leaders of the school of Romanticism in Egypt, relying on the principles of Romanticism and the use of natural phenomena, has depicted events and events that had many negative effects on her personal and social life. This research with a descriptive-analytical approach, examines the elements that Akhad has used to express its pessimistic views in this field, along with their causes. The results show that factors such as the failure of love, the arrival of old age, the death of loved ones and the unfurtunate events that occurred for the land of Akhad led to the emergence of pessimism in his poems. The poet's bitter experiences in the context of the world of love and romance have caused her to express her inner feelings by taking refuge in nature and its manifestations. Having spent the bitter days of her youth, she likens her ruined life to a tree that withers its green leaves, a sign of life, hope and youth. He sees oppression as pervasive; But because he finds himself powerless against it, he expresses his thoughts by composing glorious poems, but it is an ointment for his pains. The dominance of the pessimistic view over the idea of belief has led to calling an element such as soil, which is a symbol for the protection of the homeland, oppression, which cruelly leads young people to the brink of death. The use of natural phenomena such as spring, sun, moon, stars, desert, soil, birds, etc. is a characteristic feature of those poems of this poet that are dominated by pessimism.
Mahboubeh Parsaei; Ahmadreza heidaryan shahri
Abstract
Language is a collection of voices inspiring various emotions and affections and are sketches of colors and fragrances. Undoubtedly, language is not a set of uneven and irregular voices, but an interconnected and systematic network of layers and links. Therefore, each piece of speech or text is organized ...
Read More
Language is a collection of voices inspiring various emotions and affections and are sketches of colors and fragrances. Undoubtedly, language is not a set of uneven and irregular voices, but an interconnected and systematic network of layers and links. Therefore, each piece of speech or text is organized through the cooperation and unity of all the different language levels. The purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate the inspiring voices in the poems of Badr Shaker al-Sayyab. One of the essential topics to be addressed in his poems is the discussion of voices and inspirers. Jikur, is one of the talented poets who has employed voices to accompany the reader with himself. Thus, the authors sought to base the present study on the famous French linguist Morris Gramon’s theory to investigate the reading of and analyze the inspiring voices in the poems of mournful Iraqi poet Badr Shaker al-Sayyab. In this way, the signs and musical attributes of Badr Shaker al-Sayyab poems, especially vowels and consonants, are examined using a descriptive-analytical method. Reading and analyzing Badr Shaker al-Sayyab’s poems based on Gramon’s inspiring voices theory indicate that corresponding to the themes of the odes and profound influence of mournful spirit in the poet’s thoughts and language, highly frequent vowels and readings of his poems repeat these negative, dark, and tragic meaning. In other words, the results of this study indicate that inspiring voices in the poems of Badr Shaker al-Sayyab describe the physical and psychological failure of the people of his land, and phonetically, he illustrates repetitive themes of doubt, hesitation, frustration, sadness, and pessimism.
Ali Najafi Ivaki
Abstract
Contemporary Arab poets have started to recall classic and especially religious figures in their poems to present experiences and ideologies, to rescue the poetry from reportage state and also to enhance their own poetry. The reason why they make use of these religious figures in their poetry is their ...
Read More
Contemporary Arab poets have started to recall classic and especially religious figures in their poems to present experiences and ideologies, to rescue the poetry from reportage state and also to enhance their own poetry. The reason why they make use of these religious figures in their poetry is their potential implications and their compatibility with poet’s own current experiences. Poets also make use of these figures to convey their intellectual concepts in a symbolic form. The present study tries to investigate the presence of the prophet Job in contemporary Arabic poetry. In this regard, we first take a glance at personal features of the prophet Job from the perspective of Quran and Old Testament, then from the perspective of three contemporary Arab poet’s approach, namely Badr Shakir al-Sayyab, Mahmoud Darwish, Abd al-Aziz al-Maghaleh, to see how they represent this religious figure in their poetry. The result shows that Job in the contemporary Arabic poetry is an indication of their individual and social concerns.
Abstract
The contemporary Persian and Arabic literature have an old relationship and in this age and the same relationship is also said about city poetry domain .Seemingly the appearance of new city songs in world literature including Persian and Arabic literature is affected by Western literature. The present ...
Read More
The contemporary Persian and Arabic literature have an old relationship and in this age and the same relationship is also said about city poetry domain .Seemingly the appearance of new city songs in world literature including Persian and Arabic literature is affected by Western literature. The present research compares Sohrab Sepehri ‘s city songs in Persian literature and Ahmad Abd al- Mo’ti Hijazi’s songs of the same motif in Arabic literature.
To conduct a comprehensive study, and after a brief explanation around two poets ’life and poetry as well as about the theme of primitivism and romanticism and their principles ,the paper reviews Sepehri and Hijazi’s poetry in this fields and studies their tendency towards primitivism and romanticism .
The most important dimensions which are notable in the poetry or life domain of both poets are as follows: expression of regret and nostalgia due to the loss of the countryside innocence , reproaching city and its urbaneness image, worshipping countryside and the first man home land where man has been longing for during all ages and the desire of having real or imaginative journey .
The last part of the research is devoted to the poetic characteristics of explanation and description of primitivism and romanticism in both poets’ poetry.
