Semiotics
Golafrooz Mohebi; rouhollah saiiady; Amirhossein Rasoulnia; Abbas Eghbali
Abstract
Structural criticism is one of the analyses that flourished in the direction of meaning generation in the 20th century following Saussure's semiotics. "Roland Barthes" - a French semiotician and theorist - is among the critics of structuralism, the importance of his theories is in the pursuit of evolution ...
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Structural criticism is one of the analyses that flourished in the direction of meaning generation in the 20th century following Saussure's semiotics. "Roland Barthes" - a French semiotician and theorist - is among the critics of structuralism, the importance of his theories is in the pursuit of evolution and semiotic adventure and the creation of a kind of intellectual vitality in analysis, modern criticism and the flow of structuralism. He has presented a code-based model for text analysis, beyond which, with the help of the context of the text, it is possible to analyse the structure of different texts, without the need for the presence of the author, and only with the help of the expressive language of the text. This meaning-making model, which recognizes ciphers as the voice of the text, consists of; There are hermeneutic or enigmatic codes, proiretic or active codes, meaningful or implicit codes, symbolic or confrontational codes, and cultural or referential codes. The main goal of this article is the application of Barth's analysis approach to the meaning analysis and interpretation of the written text (Lekol'' Amree Min Dahreh Ma Ta'awda) by Motanbi, which is based on descriptive-analytical method. The result of the research shows that Barth's cryptography model shows the presence of ciphers in different parts of the body of the text, which shows a kind of semantic dispersion at the level of the text, and it can also be applied to classical poems. Revealing hermeneutic codes the poem is for the introduction of Saif al-Dawlah. Action codes it also narrates his fighting as the main actor. Semantic ciphers and symbolic in pursuit of creating meaning for the two main and active characters of the text, Saif al-Dawlah and Mantabi, they have put two groups of good and evil in front of each other.
Hasan Smailzadeh Bavani; Ali Sayadani; Vahid Kheiry; Bahman Agazadeh
Abstract
.The semiotic model of Michael Rifater is one of the first semiotic patterns that has specifically studied the literary form of poetry. In this model, much attention is paid to the literary ability of the readership and his reaction to poetry, and poetry reading is done at both exploratory and post-action ...
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.The semiotic model of Michael Rifater is one of the first semiotic patterns that has specifically studied the literary form of poetry. In this model, much attention is paid to the literary ability of the readership and his reaction to poetry, and poetry reading is done at both exploratory and post-action levels. In the first level, the meaning and superstructure of the text are examined, and in the second level, according to the non-grammatical elements, the deep layers of the text and linguistic implications are analyzed. Resistance and love are the two main themes of Mahmoud Darvish's poetry, and he creates linguistic meanings in these poetic themes by using non-grammatical elements. He hides the main meaning and message beyond the apparent surface of words and consciously delays the understanding of the meaning of poetry. The present study tries to discover the accumulations and descriptive systems of Rita Ahbini's poem in a descriptive-analytical way and relying on the foundations of Michael Rifater's theory of semiotics of poetry, and to recite the structural matrix of the poem to the reader. Explaining the semiotic model of Michael Rifater and explaining the principles of resistance literature in Mahmoud Darvish's poetry and its hidden layers using the semiotic model are the objectives of this research. Among the results of the reactionary reading of the poem there are several implications of the word "Rita" in Mahmoud Darvish’s works, who mixed it with the concept of homeland and eventually became the symbol of Palestine, and thus put a romantic theme in the service of the concept of resistance. The hypograms of this poem are well reflected in its structural matrix and show a picture of the situation in Palestine and the prospect of resistance
Ali Pirani Shal; Niloofar Zarivand
Abstract
Where the structuralist semiotic model Ferdinand de Saussure developed addresses a text's linguistic style and aesthetics without analyzing its implicit meanings, the poststructuralist model propounded by Roland Barthes examines various semantic implications of a text. This study aims to critically read ...
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Where the structuralist semiotic model Ferdinand de Saussure developed addresses a text's linguistic style and aesthetics without analyzing its implicit meanings, the poststructuralist model propounded by Roland Barthes examines various semantic implications of a text. This study aims to critically read the Surah of Quraysh by applying the two theorists' models on its textuality to examine the formation of meaning and implicit layers of meaning. Pinpointing the difference between the two models and reading the Surah of Quraysh based on the structuralist and poststructuralist semiotic models in order to decode the multiplicity of semantic layers according to Barthes' theories constitute the significance of this study. Also, the linguistic contrasts of the Surah are examined based on Ferdinand de Saussure's model. The research finds that the main difference is between declarative sentences (solidarity among the Quraysh) and imperative sentences (the necessity of worshiping God), which are also manifested in other linguistic elements (lexical and syntactic). Barthes' model examines narrative codes' semantic layers. The hermeneutic code highlights solidarity and unity for all societies and groups, which is reinforced by the repetition of Eilaf and Quraysh as semantic and cultural codes. While symbolic codes depict the consequences of the refusal to worship God, probiotic codes refer to the result of worshiping God in the past. While reading the Surah based on Ferdinand de Saussure's model shows that its literal meaning can be understood in syntagmatic structures, which refer to the invitation of the Quraysh to Islam during the time of the Prophet (PBUH) to make peace, a reading based on Barthes' model indicates that the call to Islam and the promotion of monotheism is not limited to the Quraysh but addressed to different societies and groups throughout the ages.
Mohammad Ali Azarshab; Abolhassan Amin Moghadasi; Shahriar Niazee
Abstract
Extended Abstract
1- Statement of the Problem
Contemporary critical studies are largely interested in the title as it is a prominent gateway to the original text the reader may pass through to enter the text. The title is the key to the text and the mechanism through which the reader reads the text, ...
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Extended Abstract
1- Statement of the Problem
Contemporary critical studies are largely interested in the title as it is a prominent gateway to the original text the reader may pass through to enter the text. The title is the key to the text and the mechanism through which the reader reads the text, uncovers hidden layers and unpacks it. Therefore, if the reader, in the contemporary text reading enters the original text ignoring the title, a great amount of text knowledge is lost. Since contemporary poetry is not readily available to the reader, it requires mechanisms that the title is the most important of which. Hence, the present research intended to analyze semiotics of the title of the ode “Hoffaron Alla Yaghut e al-Arsh” focusing on Quran intertextuality.
2- Theoretical Framework
Title semiotics in a poetic text consists of some concepts that theoretical literature makes this method. The concepts include:
a. Sign and Semiotics: Everything that implies and indicates something else is called a sign. Semiology deals with three concepts of signifier, signified (referent), and signification. The signifier is a sound representing a word; the signified is the meaning passed along by the signifier; and finally, the relationship between signifier and the signified is signification.
Ferdinand de Saussure asserts that there may be a knowledge pondering signs contribution in the life of the society; this knowledge is part of social psychology, and consequently, a part of general psychology. It is called semiotics.
Roland Barth, the structuralist and post-structuralist semiotician, claims that linguistics embraces semiotics; although, he has been largely touched by Saussure. He adds that the signs enjoy language and speech patterns even in a non-linguistic context.
b) Title: It is a linguistic sign placed the work by which the work is named. In other words, it specifies the work contextuality. The title is a fundamental means an analyst is equipped with to discover and paraphrase (interpret) the text for diving into the underlying layers. It may clarify text ambiguities through uncovering semantic and coded structures.
c) Intertextuality: Each text is an intertextual one as no text is created in vacuum. A reader interprets a text by the aid of intertextuality. Consider a text is generated in vacuum, if any possible, the reader is disconnected of the text such that it would have never found the opportunity of being read.
3- Research Methodology
This is a descriptive-analytical study focused on title semiotics. In semiology analysis of the intended ode title, some mechanisms including collocation and substitution, the relationship between signifier and signified, lexical (descriptive) systems, differential relationships, as well as functions like intertextuality, have been used in the ode as means of meaningfulness. In the ode title analysis, the title morphological, syntactic, and lexical implications were initially specified; next, the findings were essentially considered as the foundation for title analysis respecting text. In semiotics analysis of text and title, also concentrated on the prior findings, the implications, various functions, and poet meaningfulness tactics were determined.
4- Research Results
• The title (Hoffaron alla yaghut e al-arsh) is not only an independent text parallel to the original text, but also, original text reading is impossible without understanding the title and the implications.
• The Qur'anic intertextuality in the title has conveyed the poet dedication to his late friend to addressee from the onset. In addition, the Qur'anic semantic signification in the title as a set of "present" concepts calls for a set of "absent" concepts contrasting the title implications such that the text is basically founded on such contrast. Morphological, syntactical, descriptive, and motivational functions in addition to intertextuality are of the most important title functions in the ode studied here.
• The relationship between the title and the original text, lexical contrast between the great universe (as described in the title) and the earth, intertextuality, selecting signed words and putting them together based on collocation and substitution are the remarkable mechanisms of Shams al-Din in meaning production.
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