research article
Linguistics
Zahra Ahmadloo; Abolfazl Rezaei; Mohammad Ebrahim Khalife Shushtari
Abstract
In order to strengthen the analysis and establish syntactical principles, Siboyeh has sought help from many Quranic evidences. Therefore, his book is considered the oldest in the field of syntax science and the study of Qur'anic evidences. Authentic and reliable sources of interpretation are crucial ...
Read More
In order to strengthen the analysis and establish syntactical principles, Siboyeh has sought help from many Quranic evidences. Therefore, his book is considered the oldest in the field of syntax science and the study of Qur'anic evidences. Authentic and reliable sources of interpretation are crucial in understanding and interpreting the verses of the Qur'an. Ignoring this point may lead commentators to fall into the abyss of misinterpretation. Among various sources of interpretation, syntactic sources play a significant role in correctly understanding divine verses. This research focuses on analyzing Qur'anic evidences regarding deletion in the al-Ketāb. It then compares Siboyeh's interpretations with those of commentators such as Zajaj, Zamakhshari, Tabarsi, and Fakhreddin Razi. One goal of this research is to assess the extent to which commentators accept Siboyeh's syntactical findings compared to Qur'anic evidence. Studies show that commentators generally accept Siboyeh's analyses, often indirectly benefiting from them. Some commentators have accepted Siboyeh's opinions through Zaj, Zamakhshari, or by attributing them to the Basra school, while others have criticized them. Another noteworthy aspect of Siboyeh's analysis is his focus on grammar rules, common expressions among Arabs, and context of speech when examining Quranic evidence. Additionally, this article highlights the rationalistic approach present in some of Siboye's analyses and those of four commentators, often taking the form of questions and answers.
research article
Stylistics
Ahmad Lamei Giv
Abstract
Attention to the status and literary characteristics of women's literature in contemporary literary criticism is closely linked to the growth and success of women's writing and related topics in this field. This includes women's identity, their style of speech, and language, each of which can be examined ...
Read More
Attention to the status and literary characteristics of women's literature in contemporary literary criticism is closely linked to the growth and success of women's writing and related topics in this field. This includes women's identity, their style of speech, and language, each of which can be examined in more detail. In this context, one can explore the emotional elements of women and the aesthetics of their speech. Among contemporary female poets who have infused their words with affection and passion, elaborating on the traits of womanhood, is Ms. Susan Alivan, a Lebanese poetess. Through her thoughts and reflections, she aims to change her society's view of women and present woman as a model of sincere emotion and the essence of affection and vitality. She draws attention to women's latent capabilities and talents. This article takes a descriptive-analytical approach to introduce this poetess and analyze the aesthetics of her feminine language on four levels - phonetic, lexical, syntactic, and communicative - within her poems. It also delves into her personality traits, writing style, and the beautiful spirit that shines through her work. Examining the poetic beauty in this poet's work reveals a strong rhetorical power and artistic depiction. Her words present a miracle to the literary community, particularly women, through gentle poetry and heartwarming discourse. She portrays the status and role of women in society while reshaping societal attitudes towards women's capabilities as a means to strengthen social bonds.
research article
Literary Criticism
Somaye Nikfar; Ardeshir Sadr Al-Ddini; Mustafa Yegani
Abstract
Critical discourse analysis is a systematic theory developed by Norman Fairclough that is highly effective for analyzing works closely linked with the social and political conditions of society. This type of analysis is also crucial for accurately portraying what is happening in society. The theory investigates ...
Read More
Critical discourse analysis is a systematic theory developed by Norman Fairclough that is highly effective for analyzing works closely linked with the social and political conditions of society. This type of analysis is also crucial for accurately portraying what is happening in society. The theory investigates the work on three levels: description, interpretation, and explanation. In the first level, the theory examines the vocabulary used in the work, while in the interpretation level, it focuses on the discourse conduct and effects of common or hegemonic discourses. In the explanation level, the theory reflects on social behaviors and how social issues are represented in the work. Shahad al-Rawi, a young and novice Iraqi author, wrote two significant works in the second decade of the 21st century. His primary work, "The Baghdad Clock," received praise from critics and readers alike. This study utilizes descriptive-analytical methods to connect the novel with present-day social and political issues in Iraq, particularly focusing on war and occupation stories from past decades. The study aims to provide a critical discourse analysis of the novel to explore how social conditions and socially-produced discourses influence agency. The paper seeks to investigate how war and occupation are portrayed in relation to emigration as a perceived opportunity for educated Iraqi citizens despite their love for their homeland. Exploring discourses within a work is socially and literally critical, thus this paper delves into analyzing "The Baghdad Clock." Findings suggest that the author incorporates formal elements reflecting social conditions impacted by war, occupation, embargoes, etc. Additionally, the study aims to elucidate and normalize emigration discourse as a preferred narrative shaped by societal agents.
research article
Literary Criticism
Elham Khademi; Marzie Abad; Mohammad Javad Mahdavi; Mahdi Kermani
Abstract
In the present study, identity has been examined in two Arabic and Persian young adult novels based on Erik Erikson''s theory of psychosocial development. According to this theory, adolescence is the fifth stage of development, and the primary challenge of this stage is the identity crisis, although ...
Read More
In the present study, identity has been examined in two Arabic and Persian young adult novels based on Erik Erikson''s theory of psychosocial development. According to this theory, adolescence is the fifth stage of development, and the primary challenge of this stage is the identity crisis, although not in its critical sense. The two novels studied are "Faten" by Lebanese writer Fatima Sharafeddin and "Hasti" by Iranian writer Farhad Hassanzadeh. "Faten" is set during the Lebanese civil war, while "Hasti" takes place at the beginning of the Iran-Iraq war, with young girls as the main characters in both stories. Sharafeddin''s young adult novels primarily focus on analyzing and critiquing the social situation in Lebanon, while Hassanzadeh''s approach in young adult novels is to empower and inform girls. This study highlights the significance of the adolescent stage and stresses the importance of establishing a successful identity during this period, pointing out literary researchers'' neglect of this stage. Therefore, this study aims to explore these two literary works using Erikson''s theory, a descriptive-analytical method, and a comparative literature approach.The research findings indicate that characteristics of adolescence in both novels can be categorized into three groups based on Erikson''s theory: Identity crisis; Identity-seeking, which includes identification, societal support, adolescents'' resistance to adult value systems, and love during adolescence; and Fidelity. By examining the role of identity and challenges faced by adolescents in these novels, it can be concluded that their main objective is to encourage young readers to develop a successful identity through education, learning, and interacting with knowledgeable individuals.
research article
Stylistics
Behrouz Ghorbanzadeh; Sarah Taqvai
Abstract
One of the integral and inseparable elements of poetry is its music, which manifests in various forms. This musicality can stem from poetic meters, rhymes, word coordination, and the unique resonance of each letter juxtaposed with others. Taisir Saboul (1939 - 1973), a contemporary Jordanian poet, employed ...
Read More
One of the integral and inseparable elements of poetry is its music, which manifests in various forms. This musicality can stem from poetic meters, rhymes, word coordination, and the unique resonance of each letter juxtaposed with others. Taisir Saboul (1939 - 1973), a contemporary Jordanian poet, employed diverse techniques in her poems to craft music. This article aims to analytically explore the poet's distinctive style in selecting poetic meters and music by analyzing the frequency of these artistic techniques in her works. The findings reveal that Taisir tailored her meters based on the poem's subject and theme, captivating audiences through unconventional methods like assurance, rotation, and blending modern with classical poetry. Simultaneously, she employed norm-defying techniques such as implication and merging modern with classical poetry to engage readers. Rhyme repetition emerges as a prevalent form of inner musicality in Taisir's poems. This repetition not only underscores words but also bolsters their meanings. Taisir also focused on visual musicality through stair-like and vertical poetic line structures to accentuate specific stanzas against others and highlight individual words or stanzas effectively
research article
Literary Criticism
Elham Salehi Najafabadi; Nasrullah Shameli
Abstract
Literary art, one of the seven fine arts, has long been isolated from artistic criticism. While literary aesthetics traditionally focused on identifying rhetoric, this approach alone falls short in analyzing literary aesthetics comprehensively. The Gestalt theory, effective in critiquing various art ...
Read More
Literary art, one of the seven fine arts, has long been isolated from artistic criticism. While literary aesthetics traditionally focused on identifying rhetoric, this approach alone falls short in analyzing literary aesthetics comprehensively. The Gestalt theory, effective in critiquing various art forms, faces challenges when applied to literature despite its success in visual arts. To address this gap, we developed a method based on the Gestalt Audio-Visual theory, marking a pioneering step in literary aesthetics. This innovative approach draws from foundational fine arts principles to partially overcome rhetorical limitations and enhance understanding of textual context. Applicable across languages and literary genres, this method was tested through 30 prayer examples. We detailed the theory's inception, application process, and benefits in rectifying rhetorical flaws within text aesthetics. Fine arts concepts like Contrast, Perspective, and Optical Illusion were integrated into literary analysis to enrich interpretation alongside rhetoric. This groundbreaking theory has the potential to revolutionize literary artistry significantly.
