Linguistics
zahra haghayeghi; Marzieh Mabad
Abstract
Structuralism, a prominent method of literary criticism, highlights the crucial role of language in shaping literature, focusing on how linguistic structures contribute to meaning creation. This approach, rooted in the study of signs and symbols within language, examines texts not merely as individual ...
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Structuralism, a prominent method of literary criticism, highlights the crucial role of language in shaping literature, focusing on how linguistic structures contribute to meaning creation. This approach, rooted in the study of signs and symbols within language, examines texts not merely as individual expressions but as part of a broader system. Using this perspective, the current study delves into the famous ode Lāmiyyat al-‘Ajam by Ṭughrā’ī, applying Roman Jakobson’s theory of literariness. Jakobson’s framework emphasizes the distinctive use of language in poetry, differentiating it from ordinary speech through the deliberate deployment of various linguistic devices that enhance aesthetic and semantic impact.This research conducts a comprehensive analysis of Lāmiyyat al-‘Ajam, exploring its linguistic, literary, and intellectual dimensions. The study aims to uncover the intricate relationship between these elements, demonstrating how they converge to create meaning within the poem. By utilizing descriptive analysis and statistical charts, the study provides a thorough breakdown of the poem’s structural components, such as its meter, rhythm, and phonetic patterns.The research highlights how the ode’s meter and rhythm harmonize with its themes, contributing to the overall emotional and conceptual resonance of the work. Although alliteration and assonance are not overwhelmingly present, they manifest subtly, contributing to the poem’s sound patterns through partial phonetic repetitions. Defamiliarization techniques, such as grammatical deviation, further emphasize the poetic nature of the text. Metaphor, identified as the most prevalent rhetorical device, reflects Ṭughrā’ī’s rich imagination and capacity for mental imagery, offering insights into his inner world. The poem’s linguistic and literary structure ultimately serves as a vessel for the poet’s thoughts and emotions, bringing depth and nuance to his intellectual reflections. Given its fame and literary significance, an in-depth structuralist analysis of Lāmiyyat al-‘Ajam enriches the understanding of its artistic and intellectual contributions.
Hasan Dehghan; Seyed Hossein Seyedi; Hossein Nazeri
Abstract
The present study is the historical and descriptive semantics of the word "talla," which is one of the hapax legomena of the Holy Quran. Recognition of words as the main constituent elements of sentence structure plays a vital role in understanding the speaker's meaning. Therefore, we have considered ...
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The present study is the historical and descriptive semantics of the word "talla," which is one of the hapax legomena of the Holy Quran. Recognition of words as the main constituent elements of sentence structure plays a vital role in understanding the speaker's meaning. Therefore, we have considered it necessary to study the evolution of words and their semantic relations and have undertaken this research. A brief introduction to semantics and its two historical-descriptive types, a brief reference to the "hapax legomenon" approach and its historical background, the study of this word in the context of history and its semantic implications, especially in the era of revelation, and its analysis within descriptive semantics based on "descriptive-analytical" research method is the primary purpose of this article. In the historical genre, by exploring the course of its semantic evolution, it became clear that in the pre-revelation period, in the Semitic languages, it meant "allaqa" and "rafa'a" and in the pre-Islamic era, the names "talla, talil, metall" meaning "hill, neck, and spear" implies the central meaning of ascension. In the age of revelation, it was concluded that the word "talla" with a semantic expansion approach, meaning "falling on the ground from a height" with a mixture of previous themes, has brought a comprehensive meaning. Through descriptive semantics, we have tried to explain the lexical depth of this word and its alternative and reciprocal propositions. Hence, the paradigmatic axis has a semantic relationship with the verbs "kharra, Hava, Kabba" and on the semantic opposition axis with the verbs rafa'a, Sa'eda, Raqa."
