Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Associate Professor of Arabic Language and Literature, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Teacher of Arabic Language and Literature, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
3 PhD Student of Arabic Language and Literature, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
Abstract
In measuring the consistency of a text and proving its textuality, one of the most prominent elements is the element of reference. This element involves linguistic and grammatical explanations that analyze the text and harmonize its components to reveal the scope of its semantic concepts. Its role is to clarify the meaning of the text by using linguistic schemes as tools for revealing and proving the text’s coherence. Reference, therefore, is one of the most important tools for showing the hidden relationships within a text and demonstrating its coherence. In this process, the words in the text are connected to each other linguistically and grammatically. Reference appears through pronouns, demonstrative nouns, relative nouns, and comparatives.This research, using a descriptive and analytical approach, investigates how the element of reference operates in the poetic texts of Adonis (including "This Is the Name" and other poems), and its role in ensuring the coherence of the text. The study reveals that external references in Adonis’s poetry often reflect events from the surrounding world, with specific references to characters in many of his poems. These references appear most frequently in the first and second person pronouns, and because of their stronger effect on text cohesion, they are used in specific contexts. The study also found that reference is one of the most powerful elements in the text, as it enhances textual coherence. The textual criteria in Adonis’s poetry are present in varying ratios between linguistic and pragmatic elements, creating harmony across the poetic sections.In the structural analysis, the flexibility of Adonis’s poetic language was revealed, as the systematic relationship between linguistic elements in his poems defies conventional lexical rules. Regarding the comparison between the elements of substitution and reference, the study concludes that reference takes precedence over substitution due to its more prominent role in establishing coherence in these poems.
Keywords
Main Subjects
- B, Brown .V. (1997). Speech analysis. Translated and commented by Mohammad Lotfi Al-Zulaiti and Moenir Al-Tariki. King Saud University, Riyadh: Publications and scientific publications[In Arabic]
Ababna, Y, A. & al-Zoghbi,S (2013). "Elements of Al-Itsaq and Coherence of the Text", Journal of Damascus University, Volume 29. Number 12. Pp. 507-550. [In Arabic]
Abdulmutallib, M. (1995). Stylistic readings in modern poetry. Cairo: The Egyptian General Book Authority. [In Arabic]
Adunis. (1996). poetic works, Volume 2, Beirut: Dar al-Mada. [In Arabic]
_______ (2006). Sufism and surrealism. Edition 3. Beirut: Dar al-Saqi. [In Arabic]
_______. (2005). Zaman Al_Sheer. Edition 3. Beirut: Dar al-Saqi. [In Arabic]
Al-Aid, Y. (1985). In the knowledge of the text: Studies in Al-Samat al-Adabi. 3rd edition. Beirut: Dar al-Afaq al-Jadabi. [In Arabic]
Arab Yusuf Abadi, A; Goshe Neshin, F. (2023). "The unity of the poetic speech in the poem "Sali al-Ramah al-Awali" by Lasfi al-Din al-Hali". Journal of Arabic Language and Literature - Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. 15(1). 90-104. Doi:10.22067/jallv15.i1.2202-1108. [In Arabic]
Bin Abdul Karim, J. (2009). Problems of the text of text study. Riyadh: Al-Nadi Al-Adabi. [In Arabic]
Elyafi, N. (1992). "The image in the contemporary Arabic poem". Literary attitude magazine. Damascus.N2. 255-256
Fazl, S (1998). The science of style, its principles and components, the first edition. Cairo: Dar al-Sharrouk. [In Arabic]
Hadrawi, I, A, B. (2017). The effect of al-Qura'in al-Alaqiyyah on the consistency of the text in the Nahj al-Balaghah of the sermon of the war, for example. Iraq: Nahj al-Balaghah Foundation for Al-Husayniyah Al-Maqdisah. [In Arabic]
Jero, Pierre. (1988). The science of semiology. Translation: Munzer Ayashi. Surya: Dar Talas.
Khattaby, M. (1991). Linguistics of the text. Beirut: Arab Cultural Center. [In Arabic]
Khattaby, M. (2006). Linguistics of the text of the text to the coherence of the speech. Volume 2. Edition 2. Beirut: Arab Cultural Center. [In Arabic]
Moderation, O. (1988). Illumination of the text. Beirut: Dar al-Hahadada. [In Arabic]
Quinn, Jon. (1995). Upper language Translation: Ahmed Darvish. Cairo: Supreme Council for Culture. . [In Arabic]
Rajabi, Farhad. (2018). "Existentialist analysis of the poetry of Shamlou and Adonis (Research Case: Small Songs of Homelessness and Songs of Mahyar Al-Damashqi". Journal of Arabic Language and Literature . 10(18), 65-96. Doi: 10.22067/jall.v10i18.56240. [In Persian]
Zarei, K; Cheraghi Vash, H; Ghasemi Mousavi, I. (2023). "The round of replacing the sentence in connection with the message of Al-Ma'ash and Ma'ad al-Jahiz, based on the theory of Halliday and Hasan". Journal of Research in the Arabic Language, Isfahan, No. 29,. 141-158. Doi: 10.22108/rall.2023.136308.1446. [In Arabic]
)
Send comment about this article