Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 PhD in the Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
Abstract
Communicative implication is a pragmatic tendency that examines meaning in the use of language. This theory goes beyond the structure and components of language and examines the role of language in the context, surrounding conditions of the text, speaker and listener. The theory of communicative implication is based on the principle of cooperation that was presented by Paul Grice and its purpose was that the parties of the discourse follow its rules. Four rules are branched from this principle, which are: the rule of quantity, quality, the rule of appropriateness and the rule of style. Compliance with these rules in speech leads to an equality between the literal meaning and the implicit meaning, but as soon as any of these rules are violated, the speech tends to the implicit and hidden meaning. Nahj al-Balagheh benefits from a dynamic discourse in which language is used in a functional and communicative manner, therefore, in order to discover its meanings, it requires a lot of meditation and appropriate theory. This article tries to find the intentions and implicit meaning of Nahj al-Balagheh's letters by relying on the analytical descriptive method and providing statistics through communication implications and the four rules of Grice's principle of cooperation theory. One of the achievements of this research is that the use of language in Imam's letters is not only for the production of sentences and parts of speech, but its practical and communicative role is evident through the expression of intentions implicitly. These implicit intentions require a suggestive strategy that violates each of the four rules of quantity, quality, appropriateness, and method.
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