Investigating the Relativity of the Text to the Author: A Stylistic and Statistical Study in the Fixed and Attributed Poetry of Sheikh Khazal Al-Kaabi

Document Type : research article

Authors

Ali Haidari ¹

Issa Mottaqizadeh ²

Seyyed Hossein Marashi ³

¹ PhD Candidate in Arabic Language and Literature, Tarbait Modares University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

² Professor, Arabic Language and Literature, Tarbait Modares University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

³ Associate Professor, Arabic Language and Literature, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22067/jallv16.i3.2402-1378

Abstract

Ahwaz has passed through different eras and regimes in history, and the literary rulers of those periods have played an essential role in enriching the literary heritage. Sheikh Khazal Al-Kaabi was the last of those rulers, and he extended his connections to poets and established literary councils in his palace. He studied jurisprudence, memorized the Qur'an, and learned Arabic literature, which enabled him to compose poetry. His poetry was printed in two books: the first, "Al-Durar al-Hassan fi Manzomat Sheikh Khazal Khan", compiled by Abd al-Masih al-Antaky, which contains 448 verses attributed to Sheikh Khazal, and the second, "Riyadh Al-Khazaliyah in Human Policy", written by Sheikh Khazal himself, containing 263 verses. However, some writers, such as Kasravi, Al-Amin, and Aqabzurg Al-Tehrani, believe that this second book was written by Sheikh Khazal’s entourage and attributed to him for multiple purposes.The "Yule characteristic" measure, used by statistical stylistics scientists, helps determine whether a text can be attributed to the author or not. This study uses a descriptive-analytical and statistical approach to examine 400 names from the poetry of these two books, Al-Durar Al-Hassan and Riyadh Al-Khazaliyah, analyzing the frequency distribution of vocabulary between them to determine the ratio of Riyadh Al-Khazaliyah according to the Yule scale.The study found that the characteristic in Al-Durar (41.90) and in Riyadh (49.97) showed only a small difference, which suggests that both texts are likely attributed to the same author. The results also showed that the significance range between the two books was (8.07), which is a narrow range, further increasing the possibility of a unified source. Additionally, the average value was calculated as (1.12), which also enhances the probability that both texts share a common author. The graph showed that the distribution of name repetitions between the two books is very similar, reinforcing the likelihood that both sets of poems belong to Sheikh Khazal Al-Ka’bi

Keywords

Sheikh Khazal Al-Kaabi

Al-Dorar Al-Hassan

Riyadh Al-Khazaliyah

statistical stylistics

Yule scale

Subjects

• Stylistics

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