Abbas, H. (1998). Characteristics of Arabic letters and their meanings. Arab Book Union. (in Persian)
Ahmadi, B. (1991). Structure and interpretation of text. Tehran: Markaz Publications. (in Persian)
Al‑Habil, A. R. M. (2014). The phenomenon of al‑Tawazi in the poetry of Imam al‑Shafi’i. Al‑Quds Open University Journal for Research and Studies, 33, 101–136. (in Persian)
Al‑Hilali, A. R. (1953). Al‑Ma’ajm al‑Iraq (Vol. 1). Baghdad: Ministry of Education, Al‑Najah Press. (in Persian)
Alizadeh, A. (2012). Parallelism or hidden repetition and its role in the creation of literary works: A syntactic‑verbal analysis. Journal of Mashhad School of Literature and Human Sciences, 142, 193–209. (in Persian)
Al‑Khalwadeh, F. (2006). Music of Arabic poetry. Cairo: Al‑Haiyat Al‑Aaa’e Book. (in Persian)
Al‑Khafaji, A. M. (2000). The Sumerian boy’s journey. Baghdad: Ittihad al‑Katab al‑Arab. (in Persian)
Al‑Khafaji, A. M. (2009). Crowded in the little homeland. Baghdad: Dar Nakheel. (in Persian)
Al‑Khafaji, A. M. (2012). Oh my father, oh water. Baghdad: Nors Printing Company. (in Persian)
Al‑Khafaji, A. M. (2019). A cup for the extinction of the postman. Iraq – Baghdad: Dar Al‑Shabab for Printing and Publishing. (in Persian)
Al‑Tamimi, H. A. J. (2022). Al‑Almaz in al‑Tafailiyah poem of Majbal al‑Khafaji (Master’s thesis). Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad. (in Persian)
Al‑Waili, I. (1978). Political poetry in the nineteenth century. Baghdad: Al‑Maarif Press. (in Persian)
Anis, I. (1952). Music of poetry (2nd ed.). Egypt: Al‑Bayan Al‑Arabi Committee Press. (in Persian)
Baro, H., & Dwivedi, P. (2020). Stylistics analysis of sound device using parallelism on the selected Tigrina poems. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 8(2), 61–68. (in Persian)
Basher, K. (1971). Studies in the science of language (2nd ed.). Cairo: Dar al‑Maarif; Baghdad: Dar al‑Shabaab for Printing and Publishing. (in Persian)
Heikal, H. (1992). Harb al‑Khalij, Usam al‑Qahta wa al‑Nasr. Cairo: Al‑Ahram Center for Translation and Publishing. (in Persian)
Heydarian Shahri, A. R., & Seddighi, B. (2012(. Signs of dystopia in Khalil Hawi’s poetry. Research Journal of Arabic Literature Criticism, 3, 88–114. (in Persian)
Heydarian Shahri, A. R., Al‑Sahlani, O., & Al‑Himyar, A. (2022). Phonetic intonation and its semantic effect in the Holy Quran: The ethical concepts of the people of the erroneous city as a model. Journal of Arabic Language and Literature, Fifteenth Year, Issue 1, pp. 1–15.
Ibn Jinni, A. F. U. (1990). Al‑Khasa’is. Baghdad: Dar al‑Shu’un al‑Thaqafiyya. (in Arabic)
Ibn Idris, O. K. (1997). Al‑bunyah al‑iqa‘iyyah fi shi‘r al‑Buhturi: Dirāsah naqdiyyah taḥlīliyyah (Doctoral dissertation). Alexandria University, Egypt. (in Arabic).
Kataneh, F. A. (1991). Dirasah uslubiyyah fi shir Abi Firas al-Hamdani (Master’s thesis). Palestine: An-Najah National University. (in Arabic).
Sediqi, B., & Heydarian Shahri, A. R. (2020). Taraneh‑hā‑ye Ishtar: An analysis of selected poems of contemporary Arabic poetry. Qom: Imam Mehraban. (in Persian)
Safavi, K. (2001). Az zabanshenasi be adabiyat (Vol. 2). Tehran: Sureh Mehr. (in Persian).
Mirghaderi, S. F., & Dehghanian, J. (2010). Morvarid‑e Sharq. Shiraz: Shiraz University Press. (in Persian).
Qavimi, M. (2004). Ava va elqa: Rahyafti be she’r‑e Akhavan‑e Sales. Tehran: Nashr‑e Hermes. (in Persian).
Safavi, K. (1994). Az zabanshenasi be adabiyat (Vol. 1: Poetry). Tehran: Nashr‑e Cheshmeh. (in Persian).